Top photo: The sole of an adults shoe - possibly medieval
Lower photo: A child's shoe - beautifully crafted
One of my family members lives in a 400+ year old listed cottage in England. When repairs were made recently, various remnants of shoes were found around the chimneys, windows and doors. After doing some research, I discovered that centuries ago people believed that shoes (because they retained the shape, and therefore the individuals presence) helped ward off evil spirits. They were placed strategically for maximum effectiveness.